Introduction Rare earth magnets, particularly Neodymium–Iron–Boron (NdFeB) and Samarium–Cobalt (SmCo), sit at the heart of modern electrification. From electric vehicles to offshore wind farms, from consumer electronics to defense applications, these magnets are indispensable. As of September 2025, the industry is expanding rapidly but faces profound challenges in supply concentration, pricing volatility, and geopolitical risk....Read More